UBL (Universal Business Language)
In Latvian: UBL (Universal Business Language)
UBL (Universal Business Language) is an OASIS XML standard for business documents such as invoices, credit notes and orders. UBL 2.1 became an OASIS Standard on 4 November 2013, and its invoice and credit note messages are one of the two syntaxes in which an EN 16931 e-invoice may be written.
EN 16931 defines what each piece of invoice data means, not how it is written into a file. That is the job of a syntax. Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/1870 lists two: the UN/CEFACT Cross Industry Invoice, and the UBL invoice and credit note messages defined in ISO/IEC 19845:2015.
UBL 2.1 defines 65 document types in all, but e-invoicing uses two of them: Invoice and CreditNote. In Latvia, Cabinet Regulation No. 749 provides that the XML structure of an e-invoice accepted by VID follows UBL 2.1 and Peppol BIS Billing 3.0.
Example
SIA "Ozols" issues a EUR 121 credit note for returned goods. In the XML file a credit note has its own UBL document, CreditNote, and the buyer's system recognises it by its document type.
Legal basis
- OASIS: Universal Business Language 2.1 docs.oasis-open.org
- Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/1870 eur-lex.europa.eu
- Cabinet Regulation No. 749, Paragraph 7 likumi.lv
This explanation is for information and does not replace tax or legal advice. The law in its current consolidated text prevails.